Homework SourseQuestion 3 125 marks EIA Report EA Reviow takeholder Involve
Solution
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important management tool for ensuring optimal use of natural resources for sustainable development. following are the process of EIA -
1.Project Screening-This process determines whether or not EIA is required for a particular project and what level of EIA is required.
2.Project Scoping-begins once screening is completed, the most important step in EIA. it identifies key issues and impacts to be considered. it lays the foundation of an effective process, saves time and money, and reduces conflict.
3.Project Description And Consideration-the project itself has to be described, for example location of the project, scale, process, layout, operating conditions, etc., as well as all possible project alternatives.
4.Project Baseline Study-it is essential to collect all relevant information on the current status of the environment. This study is referred to as a baseline study as it provides a baseline against which change due to a development can be measured.
5.Impact Assessment-This requires interpretation of the importance or significance of the impacts to provide a conclusion, which can ultimately be used by decision-makers in determining the fate of the project application.
6.Mitigation Meassures-to avoid, minimise or remedy adverse impacts, to ensure that residual impacts are within acceptable levels, to enhance environmental and social benefits
7.Stakeholder Involvement/Public Participation-To consult people likely to be affected by proposal.To avoid biases/inaccuracies in analysis; identify local values/ preferences; assist in consideration of mitigation measures; select best alternative
8.EIA Report-
9.EIA Review-Review the quality of the EIA report. Take public comments into account. Determine if the information is sufficient. Identify any deficiencies to be corrected.
10.Decision Making- the public and the Member State involved have to be informed of the decision taken. They have to be informed about the content of the decision, the conditions and the reasons and considerations on which the decision was based.
11.Environmental Management Plan- it covers the design, construction, commissioning, and operation and maintenance phases of each project component. The EMP identifies the key environmental issues across the project and provides strategies and plans for managing them effectively.
12.Monitoring And Auditing-
Environmental monitoring is an “an activity undertaken to provide specific information on the characteristics and functions of environmental and social variables in space and time\"
An Environmental audit within the EIA assessment procedure determines the actual environmental impact, the accuracy of prediction, the effectiveness of environmental impact mitigation and enhancement measures, and the functioning of monitoring mechanisms. The environmental audit should be undertaken during the course of the project and will usually be performed once or twice during the whole project process.
(b) The purpose of a baseline study is to provide an information base against which to monitor and assess an activity\'s progress and effectiveness during implementation and after the activity is completed.
example-1.Estimated rice deficits; main shocks experienced; main changes in livelihood strategies over past five years
2.Experience of community asset creation; constraints to collaboration; prior experience of FFW; quality of village leadership; existence (or not) of Village Development Committee
3. Demographic data; % of population under government poverty line
so we ca say it is very important to have baseline study for any project.
