Homework Soursequiz 5 QUESTION 1 When did the western margin of North Ameri
quiz 5
QUESTION 1
When did the western margin of North American become an active margin?
250 Ma ago
150 Ma ago
It has always been an active margin
It has always been a passive margin
1 points
QUESTION 2
When two plates composed of continental lithosphere are pulled together at a convergent boundary, the result is __________.
subduction
a hot spot is formed
transform faulting
collision and mountain formation
1 points
QUESTION 3
__________ beneath the Basin and Range helps explain the extensive presence of granitic rocks within the carbonates.
Subduction
Crustal extension
Obduction
Thickening of the continental crust by \"rooting\"
1 points
QUESTION 4
Broad, carbonate-covered continental margin are found along __________.
active margins
passive margins
deep-sea trenches
mid-ocean ridges
1 points
QUESTION 5
The mountains and valleys of the Basin and Range Province formed in response to __________.
normal faulting and horizontal compression
strike-slip faulting and hanging wall block uplifts
reverse faults and large displacement, thrust faulting
extension and normal-fault movements
1 points
QUESTION 6
__________ is the most common type of biogenic sedimentary rock found in the Basin and Range province.
Limestone
Chert
Phosphate rock
Quartz sandstone
1 points
QUESTION 7
California went to passive to active margin about 250 millions because __________.
Pangea started to break apart
the Appalachians mountains started to form
the Sierra Nevada formed
the Rockies formed
the Pacific ocean started to widen
1 points
QUESTION 8
During the deposition of the rocks found in the Basin and Range province, where was North America localized?
Near the equator, rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise.
Near the equator, rotated 90 degrees clockwise.
It was localized where it is found today.
Scientists cannot reconstruct past continent locations.
1 points
QUESTION 9
The correct order of geological periods is, from oldest to youngest?
Paleozoic, Proterozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
Proterozoic, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, Cenozoic
Cenozoic, Proterozoic, Mesozoic, Paleozoic
Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
1 points
QUESTION 10
In California, the Basin and Range province is primarily oriented in a __________ trend.
NW-to-SE
NE-to-SE
NW-to-SW
none of the above
1 points
QUESTION 11
Approximately when did the crustal extension produced the characteristic Basin & Range topography?
600 Ma ago
450 Ma ago
150 Ma ago
22 Ma ago
1 points
QUESTION 12
A(n) __________ mountain range, such as the Basin and Range, implies a horizontal extension deformation.
erosional
volcanic
fault block
fold
1 points
QUESTION 13
Limestone reefs and salt deposits are important rocks in the reconstruction of Earth history because they __________.
can be used to infer the ancient climate of the Earth; they are deposited in environments that are restricted to warm climate
automatically provide age information; all such deposits occurred between 200 and 400 million years ago
are deposited in warm climates today, but there is good reason to think that they were deposited in cold climates millions of years ago
pinpoint the locations of old subduction zones
1 points
QUESTION 14
What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate, the major mineral in limestones?
NaCl
CaSO4 2H20
SiO2
Ca(CO3)
1 points
QUESTION 15
Earthquakes occur most frequently near __________ margins.
seismic
active
aseismic
passive
1 points
QUESTION 16
Lake Tahoe is part of the __________.
Basin and Range province
Sierra Nevada province
the Rockies
The Modoc plateau province
the High Rock Canyon province
1 points
QUESTION 17
The hypothesis of __________ is used to explain the topography of the Basin and Range.
subduction
crustal extension
decollement
continental convergence
1 points
QUESTION 18
In the Paleozoic era, the western edge of the North American continent grew __________ because of the accumulation of many thousands of feet of carbonates.
eastward
westward
vertically
the continent did not grow, sediment simply accumulated.
1 points
QUESTION 19
Within the terminology of plate tectonics (and not necessarily the Basin and Range province), an active margin is __________.
synonymous with subduction zone
a 5-mile radius surrounding an active volcano
a continental coastline that coincides with a plate boundary
anywhere on Earth where earthquakes are especially frequent
1 points
QUESTION 20
Faulting in the Basin and Range province is a result of __________.
volcanism
igneous intrusions
vertical uplift or horizontal extension
seafloor spreading
geosyncline
1 points
QUESTION 21
A good example of a present-day, passive continental margin is the __________.
north flank of the East Pacific Rise
west coast of South America
east coast of North America
west coast of North America
1 points
QUESTION 22
Most carbonate rocks can be associated with __________ and __________.
warm / shallow seas
cold / deep seas
warm / shallow lakes
hot springs
cold / deep lakes
1 points
QUESTION 23
A region with distinctive and characteristic geology, landforms, climate, geomorphic trends, soils and vegetation, and drainage is called a __________ region.
physiographic
psychiographic
geologic
tectonic
1 points
QUESTION 24
The Precambrian is from __________ to __________.
Earth\'s formation to 540 Ma
540 Ma to 250 Ma
250 Ma to 65 Ma
65 Ma to now
1 points
QUESTION 25
Mono Lake is part of the __________.
Sierra Nevada
Basin and Range province
the Rockies
the Columbia plateau
1 points
QUESTION 26
Under some circumstances, correlation between two regions can be made by assuming that similar rock types in the two regions formed at the same time.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 27
A rock formed with 1000 atoms of a radioactive parent element, but contains only 250 radioactive parent atoms today. If the half-life for the radioactive element is one million years, how old is the rock?
2 million years old
4 million years old
250,000 years old
750,000 years old
1 points
QUESTION 28
The half-life of the carbon 14 isotope is 5730 years. If there were 4 billion atoms of C14 in a particular organism at the time it died, how many atoms of C14 would there be in the remains of that organism 11,460 years after it died?
1 billion
2 billion
3 billion
4 billion
8 billion
1 points
QUESTION 29
What type of minerals are calcite and dolomite?
carbonates
oxides
silicates
sulfates
1 points
QUESTION 30
Minerals are defined as a family of naturally occurring crystalline substances that are physically and chemically distinctive.
True
False
| 250 Ma ago | ||
| 150 Ma ago | ||
| It has always been an active margin | ||
| It has always been a passive margin |
Solution
1. Permian Formation of Pangea ” western” margin of North America now dominated by subduction zone. This was started around 250 Ma ago. Subduction results in continued accretion of fringing island arcs and the generation of continental magmatic arcs.
2. Mountains were formed as a result of Earth\'s tectonicplates smashing together. The Earth\'s crust is made up of multiple tectonic plates that still move today as a result of geologic activity below the surface. When two tectonic plates converge, their edges can crumple kind of like an aluminum can does when you crush it. The result of these tectonic plates crumpling is huge slabs or rock being pushed up into the air. What are those called? Mountains, of course! So, the answer is collision and mountain formation.
3. Thickening of the continental crust by \"rooting\"
4. Active Margins: An active continental margin is found on the leading edge of the continent where it is crashing into an oceanic plate. An excellent example is the west coast of South America. Active margins are commonly the sites of tectonic activity: earthquakes, volcanoes, mountain building, and the formation of new igneous rock.
